BIG SUR, Calif. — At twilight, not far from a cliff overlooking the Pacific Ocean, a Mayan shaman spoke of the return of Kukulkan to dozens of listeners sitting on the floor inside a yurt: As Venus, a planet of special significance to the ancient Mayans, passed directly between the Sun and Earth in June, the forces out there were heralding the return of Kukulkan, the snake deity, and the start of a new age of spiritual enlightenment in 2012.
“The cosmos is talking to us — we need to listen,” said the shaman,
Miguel Angel Vergara. “Kukulkan shines in the infinite. Kukulkan is the
sacred energy beating in every atom. Kukulkan is the feathered serpent
living in your heart forever.”
Mr. Vergara would soon lead his listeners in breathing exercises and chants to Kukulkan, as part of a weeklong workshop mixing yoga and Mayan rituals at the Esalen Institute,
the fabled spiritual retreat here. Hidden along an extraordinarily
scenic stretch of California’s coast, with only a small sign alerting
drivers to its existence along Highway 1, Esalen helped bring once-alien
concepts and practices, including personal growth, yoga and organic food,
to the American mainstream while celebrating the oneness of mind and
body in its workshops and clothing-optional hot springs.
These days, as the retreat prepares to observe its 50th anniversary next
month, people are still making pilgrimages here, drawn by Esalen’s
focus on healing, melding of traditions and mantra of “spiritual but not
religious.” Guests and workers still perform emotional “check-ins” in
group “weather reports” during their stays, which can extend from a
weekend to months, depending, an Esalen spokesman said, “on how far down
the rabbit hole you go.” Esalen’s leaders say they are tweaking the
institute’s balance between the personal and the social with an emphasis
on the latter so they can present the next “edge” to America.
But others, including people formerly and currently associated with
Esalen, say it is losing its relevance in a culture where New Age has
become a cliché. The retreat’s half-century anniversary has coincided
with continuing protests over the layoff of longtime employees as part
of a management restructuring. Staff members and others have gathered in
circles of silence here; on the Internet, including on a site called Esaleaks,
other protesters have assailed Esalen’s management as corporate types
bent on transforming the retreat into a boutique resort.
Michael Barry, a retired television writer who is now an investor, said
he has been coming here since 1971. In the 1970s, his marriage broke up,
and he came here with “his tail between his legs.” An acquaintance
working in the laundry room let him sleep on laundry sacks while he
healed himself.
“In my life, Big Sur and Esalen have been a through line for me,” said
Mr. Barry, who was sitting at the back of the yurt with his wife,
Sharon. He added that a “Mayan shaman talking about 2012 and the return
of Kukulkan” was a “good example” of how Esalen had remained on American
culture’s cutting edge.
But Peter Meyers, an Esalen regular for the past 25 years who was
leading a workshop on public speaking, said the center was not moving
fast enough to keep ahead of the times.
“For a long time it was the only game in town,” he said in the main
lodge, where a lunch of products from Esalen’s organic gardens was being
served. “You wanted to take yoga and study Eastern mysticism. Now, next
to every nail place on every street in L.A. there’s a yoga studio, and
there’s an ashram right next to it.”
As a culture, he said, America had also evolved beyond some of Esalen’s
focus on personal emotions and growth. “Letting it all hang out — that’s
passé, so what is the next edge?” he said. “The risk is that if Esalen
rests on its laurels, it’ll become a museum.”
In recent years, Esalen has engaged in “stocktaking” about its mission
and vision, said Gordon Wheeler, a Gestalt psychologist and the center’s
president.
“We’ve always said we’re about personal and social transformation,” he
said. “If anything, we’ve stepped up the social. The world is more
demanding now. The call of the world is more urgent. And we looked at
each other and said we have to step it up.”
Mr. Wheeler pointed to a workshop on how to turn spiritual practice into
social service as an example of this new effort.
Part of the stocktaking, he said, also included improving the management
of Esalen, a nonprofit organization. A new office in Carmel, about 40
miles up Highway 1 from here, provides services not found here,
including fast Internet and good cellphone coverage. The recent layoffs
of longtime employees, he said, were particularly difficult because many
staff members also live within the Esalen compound.
But critics said the new direction points to a growing corporatism. The
Carmel office, they say, has weakened the sense of community as managers
spend part of the week there. The recent appointment of a boutique
hotel founder to Esalen’s board of trustees, they say, reflects the
increasing emphasis on moneymaking packages, which range from $405 for
sleeping bag accommodations for a weekend workshop to $1,595 for a
luxury room.
“I feel that the corporate model doesn’t always serve the seeker and the
spiritual path,” said Jasmine Bangoura, who teaches at the preschool
here and grew up in Esalen, where her mother worked as a massage
therapist.
David Price, the son of Dick Price, a co-founder of Esalen who was
killed by a falling boulder while meditating here in 1985, said the
worry that this place would become just another luxury resort was a
perennial one.
“It was always a fear, but pretty abstract in the past,” said Mr. Price,
who served as Esalen’s general manager from 1995 to 2003. “But now
people are building more compelling arguments. There is definitely a
greater level of fear.”
Michael Murphy, the other co-founder of Esalen and a member of its board
of trustees, said that the recent changes were necessary for the
center’s financial survival and that it was “built into the DNA of the
Esalen leadership to not become a commercial operation.”
Whatever Esalen may become, people seeking something are still
gravitating here. Bhavani Werning, 30, and Rebecca Popp, 21, had come
from Germany to work for several months at Esalen in exchange for
participating in its workshops.
“I’m very interested in the Mayan prophecies,” Ms. Werning said.
It had become dark by the time the Mayan shaman began wrapping up his
talk on the return of Kukulkan. Innumerable stars lit up the sky above
Esalen, and the Milky Way shone so clearly that it seemed within
everyone’s grasp.
“Please close your eyes,” the shaman said, instructing his listeners to invoke Kukulkan. “Breathe in, breathe out.”
“Ku-kul-kan,” he said, pronouncing each syllable separately and banging
slowly on a drum as his listeners repeated after him. “Ku-kul-kan.”
Soon, the chanting and drumming grew faster and louder, building into a frenzy with cries of “Kukulkan!”
“Breathe in,” the shaman said, “breathe out.”
"“Breathe in,” the shaman said, “breathe out.”
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